Seborrhea - Primary and Secondary


Description: Seborrhea can be classified as either primary or secondary. Since therapy is dependent in a large part on the type of seborrhea present, it is most important to distinguish between them. Primary seborrhea is idiopathic (not preceded by another disease). The idiopathic seborrhea which occurs in Westies, Cocker and Springer Spaniels, and Basset Hounds most often occurs in young animals and is generally thought to have a genetic component.

Secondary seborrhea, on the other hand, occurs if the signs are in association with underlying disease processes which are not directly related to the seborrhea itself.

Primary seborrhea (synonyms: idiopathic seborrhea, dirty puppy disease) is characterized by scaly, oily patches adhering to the skin. The oiliness collects dirt, hence, the name dirty puppy disease. Lesions may be most severe on elbows, hocks and ears. Typically, local lesions are hairless, scaly patches with dark centers surrounded by a reddened area and flaking keratin rim. They usually occur on the trunk and chest.

Age of Onset: The primary type usually occurs in very young puppies. However, some cases are tardive (i.e. they occur after 1 year of age). Secondary non-inherited forms can occur anytime, but are usually seen in adults.

Diagnosis: The diagnosis is suggested by the history and breed involved. Primary seborrhea is usually a diagnosis of exclusion. Examination by a trained dermatologist may be required to rule out alternate causes.

Secondary seborrhea can be caused by endocrine disorders like hypothyroidism or hypoadrenocorticism. Nutritional disorders, especially those involving fat, can cause secondary seborrhea. Ectoparasites, endoparasites, dermatophytosis, drug hypersensitivity, local trauma, neoplasia, and any chronic catabolic state may cause secondary seborrhea. Although secondary seborrhea clinically resembles primary seborrhea, it is easy to see that the treatment of secondary seborrhea is dependent on the cause of the problem. It is for this reason that a dermatologist may be required to assist with the diagnosis of difficult cases.

Treatment: Primary seborrhea is a chronic disease that may be helped but not cured by medication. Medicated shampoos are helpful, as are some ointments containing tar, salicylic acid and sulfur. Systemic and topical corticosteroids may also be beneficial, as may systemic antibiotics, vitamin A, and retinoids.

Mode of Inheritance: The mode of inheritance has not been determined. The disease occurs in many breeds but is not necessarily the same as that seen in Westies.

West Highland White Terriers, Springer and Cocker Spaniels, Doberman Pinschers, Irish Setters, Shar Peis, Labrador Retrievers and Dachshunds are affected.

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***Disclaimer***

Any information contained on this site relating to various medical, health, and fitness conditions of Westies and their treatment is for informational purposes only and is not meant to be a substitute for the advice provided by your own veterinarian. You should not use the information contained herein for diagnosing a Westie's health - you should always consult your own veterinarian.


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